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KMID : 1007520010100050468
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Food Science and Biotechnology
2001 Volume.10 No. 5 p.468 ~ p.474
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Volatile Compounds and Antimicrobial Effects of Mustard Seeds and Leaf Mustard Seeds According to Extraction Method
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Lee, Ji Young
Kim, Yong Suk/Kim, Young Hoi/Shin, Dong Hwa/Park, Si Bum
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Abstract
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To develop natural antimicrobial substances, volatile compounds of six mustard (Brassica juncea) seeds and three leaf mustard (Brassica juncea) seeds were confirmed, and their antimicrobial effects on the several food-borne microorganisms were evaluated. Volatile compounds were collected by simultaneous steam distillation and solvent extraction (SDE) method and purge & trap (P&T) method, and identified using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-Mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial effects were evaluated by gaseous contact on the surface of agar medium. Major components of SDE extract from tested seeds were confirmed as isothiocyanates such as allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, 68.0-84.4%, peak area), 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (9.4-18.9%), and allyl cyanide (1.8-17.5%). However, major components of P&T extract from mustard seeds were AITC (73.4-92.5%) and allyl cyanide (4.3-12.4%), and those in leaf mustard seeds were AITC (48.1-79.8%), allyl cyanide (10.6-22.0%), and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (3.1-9.1%). volatile compounds in the extract obtained by this method differed from those by SDE method, and ATTC content in seeds varied depending upon the type of cultivar. Minimum inhibitory concentration of SDE extracts from Asia-red-mustard, Seoul-mustard, Jupiter, Banchong-leaf mustard and Dolsan-leaf mustard cultivars on Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 20-50 μL/petri-dish. However, the other cultivars showed weak antimicrobial activities. Antimicrobial effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were not shown at 100 μL/petri-dish of all SDE extracts. P&T extracts from various seeds did not exhibit antimicrobial effects on the tested microorganisms at 100 μL/petri-dish. It was confirmed that SDE extracts from some mustard seeds and leaf mustard seeds exhibited strong antimicrobial effects.
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